In Vivo November 1, 2005 vol. 19 no. 6 1077-1080
Enhancement of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy with Oxaliplatin Plus 5-Fluorouracil by Pretreatment with IL-2 Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients with Lymphocytopenia Prior to Therapy
Research Article (download PDF version)
P. LISSONI1,*, F. BRIVIO2, L. FUMAGALLI2, G. DI FEDE3 and G. BRERA4
1 Division of Radiation Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Milan, Italy
2 Division of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Milan, Italy
3 Institute of Biological Medicine, Milan, Italy
4 Ambrosian University, Milan, Italy
*Correspondence: Dr. Paolo Lissoni, Divisione di Radioterapia Oncologica, Ospedale S.Gerardo, 20052 Monza, Milano, Italy; Fax: +390392332284, e-mail: p.lissoni@hsgerardo.org
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the influence of a short-period IL-2 administration on the efficacy of chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients with pretreatment lymphocytopenia, which was defined as a lymphocyte count of less than 1500/mm3.
The study included 144 consecutive metastatic colorectal cancer patients, who underwent chemotherapy with oxaliplatin plus 5-fluorouracil. Lymphocytopenia was seen in 41/144 (28%) patients, who were randomized to receive chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy after a prechemoimmunotherapy with IL-2 (3 MIU twice/day for 3 consecutive days), whereas patients with a normal pretreatment lymphocyte count received only chemotherapy.
A normalization of the lymphocyte number was achieved in 12/19 lymphocytopenic patients pretreated with IL-2. The objective tumor regression rate achieved in patients with a normal lymphocyte count prior to chemotherapy was significantly higher compared to that obtained in lymphocytopenic patients treated with chemotherapy alone (54/103 vs. 3/22, p<0.01), whereas no significant difference occurred between patients with normal lymphocyte count and lymphocytopenic patients pretreated with IL-2 (54/103 vs. 8/19).
This study confirms that pretreatment lymphocytopenia is associated with reduced efficacy of chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Moreover, it suggests that pretreatment with IL-2 before the onset of chemotherapy may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in lymphocytopenic patients. Therefore, the administration of IL-2 before the onset of chemotherapy to improve the immune status of cancer patients may be considered as a new chemoimmunotherapeutic combination, which may be recommended in the treatment of advanced cancer patients, particularly in those with cancer-related immune alterations.